Unauthorized Trail Rehabilitation

Why Unauthorized Trails Are a Problem

Unauthorized, or “social”, trails emerge when visitors create unplanned shortcuts or wander off designated routes, often harming sensitive habitats and causing erosion. 

Many social trails start with good intentions, but unmanaged routes can cause long-term problems:

  • Environmental damage – erosion, habitat fragmentation, and impacts to wildlife and water.
  • Safety risks – steep, unstable, poorly designed, or trails without navigational aids can increase injuries and rescues.
  • Legal and funding risk – agencies face liability and grant eligibility may be jeopardized.
  • System impacts – unmanaged trails pull users away from sustainable, planned trail systems.

Photos of Unauthorized Trails and Damage Caused to Natural Resources

Project Overview

NoCo Places is working with partners and volunteers to map, prioritize, and rehabilitate these trails across the NoCo region. Our phased approach—from GIS scoping to field mapping and a new interactive dashboard—supports informed, equitable, and sustainable stewardship across jurisdictions.

Phase 1: Background Research and Scoping

  • GIS Basemap creation
  • Hotspot prioritization for each entity
  • Online research: resulted in 203 possible locations for unauthorized trails
  • Field Research: visiting locations in the field for possible unauthorized trails

Phase 2: Trail assessment and Mapping Inventory

  • GPSed unauthorized trails/roads to create inventory of linear features/miles with select attributes assigned
  • GPSed georeferenced photos/waypoints of unique identifiers

Phase 3: Compiling the Data

  • Data formatting and edits
  • Provide spatial inventory of unauthorized trail/roads as linear and point features in format compatible with GIS systems (shapefile)
  • Provide georeferenced photos to as unique identifiers to illustrate what is occurring

Methodology to Research Unauthorized Trails

  • Publicly available basemaps and data layers
  • Social platforms that collect user data
  • Field visits

Current Work

NoCo Places is working on the next phase of the unauthorized trails project. RRC Associates developed an unauthorized trails dashboard, similar in design to the mobile phone data dashboard, which enabled NoCo land managers to view the prevalence and impacts of unauthorized trails on the NoCo landscape at a regional level.

The trail data came from existing unauthorized trails mapping that each agency had undertaken, plus the over 345 miles of unauthorized trail data collected last summer by NoCo Places. This data was overlaid with NoCo’s biodiversity mapping, allowing land managers to develop a prioritized list of actions for these identified trails. As a result of the developed criteria, trails may be rehabilitated, continue to be monitored, or, in some cases, become part of an existing trail system.

While the data NoCo has is by no means a complete picture of unauthorized trails across the region, the dashboard allows additional mapping and data collection to be added as it becomes available.

Larimer County Conservation Corps Trail Crew

NoCo Places is partnering with the Larimer County Conservation Corps on the trail restoration this summer and fall. Work began on June 22, 2026, and wrapped up in October. 

Worksites & Plans

Site 1: Beaver Ranch Park, Jefferson County Parks & Open Space, June 22 - July 3

Work Completed: 

0.93 miles of unauthorized trail closure and rehabilitation

  • Installing log checks on steep slopes to prevent further erosion and create areas where sediment can build up to naturalize unauthorized trails
  • Spreading native seed mix over closed trail sections to assist with revegetation and naturalization
  • Regrading trail sections to remove edges of trail treads and create a more uniform cross grade to disguise the existence of unauthorized trails
  • Spreading slash and organic material over the unauthorized trail sections to create physical and visible barriers to users

 

Work Completed:

0.6 miles of unauthorized trail rehabilitation at Avanti Site

  • Regrading trail sections to remove edges of trail treads and create a more uniform cross grade to disguise the existence of unauthorized trails
  • Spreading slash and organic material over the unauthorized trail sections to create physical and visible barriers to users

 

1 mile of unauthorized trail rehabilitation at Betasso Preserve

  • Regrading trail sections to remove edges of trail treads and create a more uniform cross grade to disguise the existence of unauthorized trails
  • Spreading slash and organic material over the unauthorized trail sections to create physical and visible barriers to users
  • Installing rock features to prevent further erosion and create areas where sediment can build up to naturalize unauthorized trails

Work Completed:

 

8 miles of trail mapped

  • 1 week of hiking trails at West Magnolia Confirming routes of existing trail and mapping of unauthorized trail and campgrounds

 

223 feet of unauthorized trail rehabilitated

  • Spreading slash and organic material over the unauthorized trail sections to create physical and visible barriers to users

 

852 feet of new trail constructed

  • Using hand tools to follow behind a trail dozer to establish trail tread, backslope and define the critical edge
  • This new trail provides additional sustainable, recreation opportunities for hikers, equestrians, and mountain bikers

Note: the Larimer County Conservation Corps crew came in following work performed by a US Forest Service crew. The Corps is helping to finish out the remaining work.

Work Completed:

489 feet of unauthorized trail rehabilitated

  • Decompacting soil and planting native vegetation plugs on unauthorized trail through sensitive meadow habitat
  • Spreading slash and organic material over the unauthorized trail sections to create physical and visible barriers to users

 

40 feet of fence installed

  • Installing buck-and-rail fence as a physical barrier to users

Work Completed:

269 feet of unauthorized trail rehabilitated on Lawn Lake Trail

 

1,796 feet of unauthorized trail rehabilitated on Emerald/Nymph Lake Trail

 

0.3 miles of unauthorized trail rehabilitated on Gem Lake Trail

 

For all trails, project work included:

  • Spreading slash and organic material over the unauthorized trail sections to create physical and visible barriers to users
  • Targeting placement of material to constrict pathways and access to desirable viewpoints to minimize impact to surrounding habitat

Work Completed:

607 feet of unauthorized trail rehabilitated

  • Hiking 3 miles into project site
  • Spreading slash and organic material over the unauthorized trail sections to create physical and visible barriers to users

 

1,937 sqft of native seed spread

  • Spreading native seed mix over closed trail sections to assist with revegetation and naturalization

Work Completed:

 

20 feet of multi-tier rock wall constructed

  • Constructing a rock wall with 6 tiers to reduce erosion of a section of trail with steep cross-slope causing heavy erosion
  • This new rock wall creates a safe, durable surface for trail users and provides structural support for heavily eroded trail structure. It prevents trail users from creating unauthorized trails or widening existing trail treads

Work Completed:

264 feet of unauthorized trail rehabilitated

  • Spreading slash and organic material over old 4 wheel track to create physical and visible barriers to users and prevent users from deviating from authorized trail

 

448 feet of trail improved

  • Removing and redistributing spoil piles (excess dirt from initial tread creation) along side of new trail
  • Planting native vegetation plugs to assist with revegetation and naturalization

 

30 feet of rock walls installed

  • Constructing mono-tier rock walls to reinforce existing trail tread and prevent erosion
  • These rock walls will help to create a durable surface for trail users and prevent them from widening the trail tread to avoid eroded sections

Worksite Photo Gallery

Photo Credits: Anne Ludolph, Grady Hall, Katie Matthews, and LCCC

"Tread Talk" Video Series

In our “Tread Talk” video series, NoCo stakeholders and agency staff share the different ways that unauthorized trails have a negative cumulative effect over time.

 

Authorized trails are planned and built by land managers through careful evaluation of the landscape, wildlife habitats, water movement, and historic and cultural resources. 

 

Learn more in the video clips below featuring the Continental Divide Trail Coalition, Larimer County Natural Resources, and History Colorado.

 

Playlist

10 Videos

Stay Tuned

Please check back soon for our continued progress on this project or contact us with any questions.

Thank You to Our Grant Funders

CPW and GOCO logos

This project was made possible with grant funding from Great Outdoors Colorado and Colorado Parks & Wildlife through the Regional Partnerships Initiative Grant Program.

Project Quick Links

Watch our Tread Talks!